Tables

Abbreviations and observing tables

  • α, δ: Coordinates for a shower’s radiant position, usually at maximum. α is right ascension, δ is declination. Radiants drift across the sky each day due to the Earth’s own orbital motion around the Sun, and this must be allowed for using the details in Table 6 (page 23) for nights away from the listed shower maxima.
  • r: The population index, a term computed from each shower’s meteor magnitude distribution. r = 2.0 -2.5 is brighter than average, while r above 3.0 is fainter than average.
  • λ: Solar longitude, a precise measure of the Earth’s position on its orbit which is not dependent on the vagaries of the calendar. All λ are given for the equinox 2000.0.
  • v: Atmospheric or apparent meteoric velocity, given in km/s. Velocities range from about 11 km/s (very slow) to 72 km/s (very fast). 40 km/s is roughly medium speed.
  • ZHR: Zenithal Hourly Rate, a calculated maximum number of meteors an ideal observer would see in perfectly clear skies with the shower radiant overhead. This figure is given in terms of meteors per hour. Where meteor activity persisted at a high level for less than an hour, or where observing circumstances were very poor, an estimated ZHR (EZHR) is used, which is less accurate than the normal ZHR.
  • TFC and PFC: Suggested telescopic and small-camera photographic field centres respectively. β is the observer’s latitude (“<” means “south of” and “>” means “north of”). Pairs of telescopic fields must be observed, alternating about every half hour, so that the positions of radiants can be defined. The exact choice of TFC or PFC depends on the observer’s location and the elevation of the radiant. Note that the TFCs are also useful centres to use for video camera fields as well.

Table 4. Lunar phases for 2006.

New Moon First Quarter Full Moon Last Quarter
January 6 January 14 January 22
January 29 February 5 February 13 February 21
February 28 March 6 March 14 March 22
March 29 April 5 April 13 April 21
April 27 May 5 May 13 May 20
May 27 June 3 June 11 June 18
June 25 July 3 July 11 July 17
July 25 August 2 August 9 August 16
August 23 August 31 September 7 September 14
September 22 September 30 October 7 October 14
October 22 October 29 November 5 November 12
November 20 November 28 December 5 December 12
December 20 December 27

Table 5. Working list of visual meteor showers

Details in this Table were correct according to the best information
available in April 2005. Contact the IMO‘s Visual Commission for more
information. Maximum dates in parentheses indicate reference dates for the
radiant, not true maxima. Some showers have ZHRs that vary from year to year.
The most recent reliable figure is given here, except for possibly periodic
showers that are noted as “var.” = variable. An asterisk
(“*”) in the “?” column indicates the shower
may have other or additional peak times, noted in the text.









Shower Activity Max Date ? ? ? v? r ZHR
Quadrantids (QUA) Jan 01-Jan 05 Jan 03 283° 16 230° +49° 41 2.1 120
?-Cancrids (DCA) Jan 01-Jan 24 Jan 17 297° 130° +20° 28 3.0 4
?-Centaurids (ACE) Jan 28-Feb 21 Feb 08 319° 2 210° -59° 56 2.0 6
?-Leonids (DLE) Feb 15-Mar 10 Feb 24 336° 168° +16° 23 3.0 2
?-Normids (GNO) Feb 25-Mar 22 Mar 13 353° 249° -51° 56 2.4 8
Virginids (VIR) Jan 25-Apr 15 (Mar 24) (4° ) 195° -04° 30 3.0 5
Lyrids (LYR) Apr 16-Apr 25 Apr 22 32° 32 271° +34° 49 2.1 18
?-Puppids (PPU) Apr 15-Apr 28 Apr 23 33° 5 110° -45° 18 2.0 var
?-Aquarids (ETA) Apr 19-May 28 May 06 45° 5 338° -01° 66 2.4 60
Sagittarids (SAG) Apr 15-Jul 15 (May 20) (59° ) 247° -22° 30 2.5 5
June Bootids (JBO) Jun 26-Jul 02 Jun 27 95° 7 224° +48° 18 2.2 var
Pegasids (JPE) Jul 07-Jul 13 Jul 09 107° 5 340° +15° 70 3.0 3
Jul Phoenicids (PHE) Jul 10-Jul 16 Jul 13 111° 32° -48° 47 3.0 var
Piscis Austrinids (PAU) Jul 15-Aug 10 Jul 28 125° 341° -30° 35 3.2 5
South. ?-Aquarids (SDA) Jul 12-Aug 19 Jul 28 125° 339° -16° 41 3.2 20
?-Capricornids (CAP) Jul 03-Aug 15 Jul 30 127° 307° -10° 23 2.5 4
South. ?-Aquarids (SIA) Jul 25-Aug 15 Aug 04 132° 334° -15° 34 2.9 2
North. ?-Aquarids (NDA) Jul 15-Aug 25 Aug 08 136° 335° -05° 42 3.4 4
Perseids (PER)* Jul 17-Aug 24 Aug 12 140° 0 46° +58° 59 2.6 100
?-Cygnids (KCG) Aug 03-Aug 25 Aug 18 145° 286° +59° 25 3.0 3
North. ?-Aquarids (NIA) Aug 11-Aug 31 Aug 20 147° 327° -06° 31 3.2 3
?-Aurigids (AUR) Aug 25-Sep 08 Sep 01 158° 6 84° +42° 66 2.6 10
?-Aurigids (DAU)* Sep 05-Oct 10 Sep 09 166° 7 60° +47° 64 2.9 5
Piscids (SPI) Sep 01-Sep 30 Sep 20 177° -01° 26 3.0 3
Draconids (GIA) Oct 06-Oct 10 Oct 08 195° 4 262° +54° 20 2.6 var
?-Geminids (EGE) Oct 14-Oct 27 Oct 18 205° 102° +27° 70 3.0 2
Orionids (ORI) Oct 02-Nov 07 Oct 21 208° 95° +16° 66 2.5 23
Southern Taurids (STA) Oct 01-Nov 25 Nov 05 223° 52° +13° 27 2.3 5
Northern Taurids (NTA) Oct 01-Nov 25 Nov 12 230° 58° +22° 29 2.3 5
Leonids (LEO) Nov 14-Nov 21 Nov 19 235° 27 153° +22° 71 2.5 100+
?-Monocerotids (AMO) Nov 15-Nov 25 Nov 21 239° 32 117° +01° 65 2.4 var
?-Orionids (XOR) Nov 26-Dec 15 Dec 02 250° 82° +23° 28 3.0 3
Dec Phoenicids (PHO) Nov 28-Dec 09 Dec 06 254° 25 18° -53° 18 2.8 var
Puppid/Velids (PUP) Dec 01-Dec 15 (Dec 07) (255° ) 123° -45° 40 2.9 10
Monocerotids (MON) Nov 27-Dec 17 Dec 09 257° 100° +08° 42 3.0 3
?-Hydrids (HYD) Dec 03-Dec 15 Dec 12 260° 127° +02° 58 3.0 2
Geminids (GEM) Dec 07-Dec 17 Dec 14 262° 2 112° +33° 35 2.6 120
Coma Berenicids (COM) Dec 12-Jan 23 Dec 20 268° 175° +25° 65 3.0 5
Ursids (URS) Dec 17-Dec 26 Dec 22 270° 7 217° +76° 33 3.0 10

Table 6. Radiant drift positions during the year in ? and ?

COM DCA QUA
Jan 0 186 +20 112 +22 228 +50
Jan 5 190 +18 116 +22 231 +49
Jan 10 194 +17 121 +21
Jan 20 202 +13 130 +19 ACE VIR
Jan 30 200 -57 157 +16 DLE
Feb 10 214 -60 165 +10 155 +20 GNO
Feb 20 225 -63 172 +6 164 +18 225 -53
Feb 28 178 +3 171 +15 234 -52
Mar 10 186 0 180 +12 245 -51
Mar 20 192 -3 256 -50
Mar 30 198 -5
Apr 10 SAG LYR PPU 203 -7
Apr 15 224 -17 263 +34 106 -44 ETA 205 -8
Apr 20 227 -18 269 +34 109 -45 323 -7
Apr 25 230 -19 274 +34 111 -45 328 -5
Apr 30 233 -19 332 -4
May 5 236 -20 337 -2
May 10 240 -21 341 0
May 20 247 -22 350 +5
May 30 256 -23
Jun 10 265 -23
Jun 15 270 -23
Jun 20 275 -23 JBO
Jun 25 280 -23 223 +48
Jun 30 284 -23 225 +47 CAP JPE
Jul 5 289 -22 285 -16 SDA 338 +14
Jul 10 293 -22 PHE 289 -15 325 -19 NDA 341 +15 PER PAU
Jul 15 298 -21 032 -48 294 -14 329 -19 316 -10 012 +51 330 -34
Jul 20 299 -12 333 -18 319 -9 SIA 018 +52 334 -33
Jul 25 303 -11 337 -17 323 -9 322 -17 023 +54 338 -31
Jul 30 KCG 308 -10 340 -16 327 -8 328 -16 029 +55 343 -29
Aug 5 283 +58 NIA 313 -8 345 -14 332 -6 334 -15 037 +57 348 -27
Aug 10 284 +58 317 -7 318 -6 349 -13 335 -5 339 -14 043 +58 352 -26
Aug 15 285 +59 322 -7 352 -12 339 -4 345 -13 050 +59
Aug 20 286 +59 327 -6 AUR 356 -11 343 -3 057 +59
Aug 25 288 +60 332 -5 076 +42 347 -2 065 +60
Aug 30 289 +60 337 -5 082 +42 DAU
Sep 5 088 +42 055 +46 SPI
Sep 10 092 +42 060 +47 357 -5
Sep 15 066 +48 001 -3
Sep 20 071 +48 005 -1
Sep 25 NTA STA 077 +49 009 0
Sep 30 021 +11 023 +5 ORI 083 +49 013 +2
Oct 5 025 +12 027 +7 085 +14 089 +49 GIA
Oct 10 029 +14 031 +8 088 +15 095 +49 EGE 262 +54
Oct 15 034 +16 035 +9 091 +15 099 +27
Oct 20 038 +17 039 +11 094 +16 104 +27
Oct 25 043 +18 043 +12 098 +16 109 +27
Oct 30 047 +20 047 +13 101 +16
Nov 5 053 +21 052 +14 105 +17
Nov 10 058 +22 056 +15 LEO AMO
Nov 15 062 +23 060 +16 150 +23 112 +2
Nov 20 067 +24 064 +16 XOR 153 +21 116 +1
Nov 25 072 +24 069 +17 075 +23 120 0 MON PUP PHO
Nov 30 080 +23 HYD 091 +8 120 -45 014 -52
Dec 5 COM GEM 085 +23 122 +3 096 +8 122 -45 018 -53
Dec 10 169 +27 108 +33 090 +23 126 +2 100 +8 125 -45 022 -53
Dec 15 173 +26 113 +33 094 +23 130 +1 URS 104 +8 128 -45
Dec 20 177 +24 118 +32 217 +75

Table 7. Working list of daytime radio meteor streams

The 50° N and 30° S “Best Observed” columns give the approximate local mean times between
which a four-element antenna at an elevation of 45° receiving a
signal from a 30 kW transmitter 1000 km away should record at least
85% of any suitably positioned radio-reflecting meteor trails for
the appropriate latitudes. Note that this is often heavily dependent on the
compass direction in which the antenna is pointing, however, and applies only to
dates near the shower’s maximum.

Shower Activity Max Date ? ? ? 50° N 30° S Rate
Cap/Sagittarids Jan 13-Feb 04 Feb 01 312° 5 299° -15° 11h-14h 09h-14h medium
?-Capricornids Jan 29-Feb 28 Feb 13 324° 7 315° -24° 10h-13h 08h-15h low
Piscids (Apr) Apr 08-Apr 29 Apr 20 30° 3 +07° 07h-14h 08h-13h low
?-Piscids Apr 24-Apr 24 Apr 24 34° 2 11° +12° 07h-14h 08h-13h low
?-Arietids Apr 24-May 27 May 09 48° 7 44° +21° 08h-15h 10h-14h low
Arietids (May) May 04-Jun 06 May 16 55° 5 37° +18° 08h-15h 09h-13h low
o-Cetids May 05-Jun 02 May 20 59° 3 28° -04° 07h-13h 07h-13h medium
Arietids May 22-Jul 02 Jun 07 76° 7 44° +24° 06h-14h 08h-12h high
?-Perseids May 20-Jul 05 Jun 09 78° 6 62° +23° 07h-15h 09h-13h high
?-Taurids Jun 05-Jul 17 Jun 28 96° 7 86° +19° 08h-15h 09h-13h medium
?-Leonids Aug 14-Sep 12 Aug 25 152° 2 155° +20° 08h-16h 10h-14h low
Sextantids* Sep 09-Oct 09 Sep 27 184° 3 152° 00° 06h-12h 06h-13h medium

Useful addresses

For more information on observing techniques, and when submitting results,
please contact the appropriate IMO Commission Director