Polarlichter / Aurorae |
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Aurorae
Although rare phenomena for observers in central Europe, there are
some chances to see aurorae during major disturbances of the Earth's
magnetic field. Such conditions are more likely when the general
Solar activity is high, and active regions frequently produce
intense flares. After a quiet period of several years, a first
large X-class flare occurred on 1997 Nov 4. This flare was the
first of this class produced by an active region of the current
solar activity cycle. Further considerable disturbances of the
Earth's magnetic field occurred during the recent months,
particularly in March and April, 2000. The solar activity is relatively
high now, with large complex active regions existing over several
rotations. In early April the interplanetary magnetic field showed
a southward component in the vicinity of the Earth. This is a
preferable situation for disturbances of the terrestrial magnetic
field and for aurorae also in middle latitudes, such as Central
Europe. Due to the position of the geomagnetic north pole in
northern Canada, the geomagnetic latitude of Germany (52 deg)
roughly corresponds to that of Colorado.
A coronal mass ejection on April 4, 2000 caused an
intense auroral storm and brilliant northern lights over Europe
during the (almost entire) night April 6/7. Another bright aurora display
was visible in the night July 15/16.
Check for current
solar data
and the alerts for observers under the title
space weather.
The first page also gives a Kp diagram for the last 2 days.
In der gesamten Nacht 6.-7. April 2000 waren intensive Polarlichter
auch im Potsdam-Berliner Raum sichtbar. Die meisten Formen traten
im Bereich zwischen Nordwest und Nordost auf (hier ist die rechte
"Kante" im Schwan), aber zwischen 0000 und
0030 UT war der gesamte Himmel in verschiedenfarbiges Licht getaucht.
Vom Nordteil des Bootes waren für rund 20 Minuten Koronastrahlen
sichtbar, die von dort aus in alle Richtungen "schossen".
Aurorae were visible for several hours in the night April 6/7, 2000, also over central-eastern Germany. While most forms appeared in the NW - NE sky (right edge of the display in Cygnus at the time of the photo), there was an all-sky display visible between 0000 and 0030 UT, including a faint corona. |
Der ruhige grüne Bogen blieb während der gesamten
Zeit in nördlicher Richtung sichtbar, bis das Polarlicht
ziemlich schnell kurz nach 1 Uhr UT verschwand. Die gelben,
roten und purpurfarbenen Strahlen bewegten sich langsam und reichten
bis zum Zenit.
The stable green arc remained visible from the evening to the (sudden) end of the display shortly after 0100 UT. Rays of red, purple and yellow color moved slowly and reached the zenith. (Fotos/photos: Jürgen Rendtel, Marquardt) |
Joint USAF/NOAA Report of Solar and Geophysical Activity SDF Number 282 Issued at 2200Z on 09 Oct 2001 IA. Analysis of Solar Active Regions and Activity from 08/2100Z to 09/2100Z: Solar activity was at moderate levels. Region 9653 (S22E11) produced an M1/2f flare at 09/1113 UTC with an associated Type II radio sweep that had an estimated shock velocity of 504 km/s. A Type IV radio sweep also accompanied this flare. Earlier in the period, Region 9657 (N23E58) produced a C7/Sf flare at 09/0741 UTC, which also had an associated Type II sweep with an estimated shock velocity of 585 km/s. The rest of the day's activity consisted of minor C-class and optical sub-flares. New Region 9658 (S14E68) was numbered today. IB. Solar Activity Forecast: Solar activity is expected to be at low to moderate levels. Region 9653 remains capable of producing M-class flares. IIA. Geophysical Activity Summary 08/2100Z to 09/2100Z: The geomagnetic field was at quiet to active levels. High speed stream effects are believed to be responsible for the elevated field levels. IIB. Geophysical Activity Forecast: The geomagnetic field is expected to be at quiet to active levels through day one due to high speed coronal hole effects. Active to minor storm conditions are possible late on day two through day three due to CME effects associated with the M1/2f at 09/1113 UTC. III. Event Probabilities 10 Oct-12 Oct Class M 40/40/40 Class X 05/05/05 Proton 05/05/05 PCAF green IV. Penticton 10.7 cm Flux Observed 09 Oct 176 Predicted 10 Oct-12 Oct 175/175/170 90 Day Mean 09 Oct 182 V. Geomagnetic A Indices Observed Afr/Ap 08 Oct 011/015 Estimated Afr/Ap 09 Oct 011/015 Predicted Afr/Ap 10 Oct-12 Oct 012/015-015/015-025/030 VI. Geomagnetic Activity Probabilities 10 Oct-12 Oct A. Middle Latitudes Active 30/40/50 Minor storm 10/20/30 Major-severe storm 01/15/20 B. High Latitudes Active 35/45/45 Minor storm 15/25/35 Major-severe storm 01/15/20
Polarlichtfoto von Frank Enzlein, aufgenommen von Eiche (nordöstlich
von Berlin) in der Nacht 6./7. April 2000. Selbst in der hellen
Umgebung waren die Polarlichter auffallend.
Aurora photographed by Frank Enzlein from Eiche, near Berlin, on April 6/7, 2000. Even under the bright skies near Berlin, the aurorae were easily visible. |
Der grüne Bogen mit gelben,
roten und purpurfarbenen Strahlen bis zum Zenit stellten den Höhepunkt
des Polarlichtes dar.
The stable green arc remained visible for hours. Rays of red, purple and yellow color moved slowly and reached the zenith. (Fotos/photos: Frank Enzlein, Eiche) |
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