Leonids 2001 – Updated Profile

While utilizing all the incoming data for a global analysis of
the Leonid meteor shower, an update on the activity graph may
be of interest. We find two main peaks of activity: between
November 18, 10h30m and 10h40m UT, a maximum with ZHR~1400
was observed. Lyytinen et al. predicted 10h28m and achieved
best agreement. The second peak is located near November 18,
18h20m UT which is very close to the predicted times of Lyytinen
et al. (18h20m) and McNaught & Asher (18h13m). The Asian peak
is skew with a longer anscending branch. This may indicate the
presence of activity from the 9-revolution dust trail.

The selection is simply caused by the process of entering data
into the Visual Meteor Database; presence or absence of reports
is not a measure of quality. Please do not complain your report
is missing here — hundreds of reports are actually missing as
yet!

For the first time, a profile of the population index was
computed. It covers the Asian peak and shows a significant
increase of r during the peak. The population index was near
2.0 before and after the Asian peak. It may have been even
lower for other periods which have not been covered, given
the large number of bright meteors reported.

  
  --------------------------------------------  
  Sollong NINT ZHR error r Date/Time  
  (J2000)  
  --------------------------------------------  
  233.6803 6 10.7 2.4 2.00  
  234.8489 16 16.9 1.7 2.00  
  235.6417 23 33.6 2.4 2.00  
  235.7577 18 56.0 4.2 2.00  
  235.7948 17 72.4 5.2 2.00  
  235.8300 14 92.0 6.6 2.00  
  235.8681 14 86.3 6.1 2.00  
  236.0146 10 141.2 10.1 2.00  
  236.0442 8 198.7 16.8 2.00  
  236.0648 9 239.7 18.2 2.00  
  236.0791 4 312.4 23.4 2.00  
  236.0873 2 417.9 57.4 2.00  
  236.0936 6 474.7 34.6 2.00  
  236.1007 5 641.8 47.6 2.00  
  236.1090 8 664.1 49.0 2.00  
  236.1136 12 738.2 55.6 2.00  
  236.1177 13 691.3 48.9 2.00  
  236.1217 9 968.3 77.8 2.00  
  236.1249 10 1241.3 103.4 2.00 Nov 18 1021  
  236.1282 14 1067.0 77.8 2.00 Nov 18 1026  
  236.1308 11 1429.3 105.9 2.00 Nov 18 1030  
  236.1326 11 1032.8 87.0 2.00 Nov 18 1032  
  236.1348 12 1118.3 89.5 2.00 Nov 18 1035  
  236.1371 12 1309.6 95.0 2.00 Nov 18 1039  
  236.1389 9 1284.7 112.2 2.00 Nov 18 1041  
  236.1408 13 1160.3 86.0 2.00 Nov 18 1044  
  236.1435 15 1144.5 82.4 2.00 Nov 18 1048  
  236.1461 13 1006.6 76.8 2.00 Nov 18 1052  
  236.1495 13 829.9 64.6 2.00  
  236.1619 10 780.6 55.6 2.00  
  236.1725 16 735.6 56.9 2.00  
  236.1871 9 473.9 34.2 2.00  
  236.2458 8 319.7 22.9 2.00  
  236.3029 7 371.3 27.1 2.00  
  236.3256 6 397.6 29.5 2.00  
  236.3499 9 369.5 35.7 2.01  
  236.3797 36 507.6 27.1 2.02  
  236.3975 48 741.1 37.1 2.03  
  236.4073 45 903.8 46.4 2.03  
  236.4152 32 1239.2 62.8 2.04  
  236.4205 27 1321.2 71.1 2.04  
  236.4251 23 1503.8 76.0 2.05  
  236.4299 26 1280.1 69.2 2.05  
  236.4345 19 1753.5 88.5 2.08 Nov 18 1743  
  236.4386 17 1651.6 87.4 2.11 Nov 18 1749  
  236.4422 14 1848.2 103.2 2.15 Nov 18 1754  
  236.4457 14 2057.9 110.2 2.17 Nov 18 1759  
  236.4484 10 2242.5 130.6 2.17 Nov 18 1803  
  236.4515 18 1861.9 94.2 2.17 Nov 18 1807  
  236.4541 11 2112.8 125.4 2.17 Nov 18 1811  
  236.4561 9 2406.9 121.6 2.17 Nov 18 1814  
  236.4582 7 2196.5 150.5 2.16 Nov 18 1817  
  236.4600 10 2630.0 140.8 2.15 Nov 18 1820  
  236.4621 11 2192.9 121.6 2.15 Nov 18 1823  
  236.4644 12 1906.7 102.4 2.14 Nov 18 1826  
  236.4668 13 2370.8 120.2 2.15 Nov 18 1829  
  236.4690 9 2400.5 137.5 2.17 Nov 18 1832  
  236.4712 11 1958.0 109.6 2.20 Nov 18 1836  
  236.4739 13 2160.8 112.8 2.21 Nov 18 1839  
  236.4765 12 1656.7 93.3 2.18 Nov 18 1843  
  236.4798 16 1416.5 70.8 2.15 Nov 18 1848  
  236.4846 13 1482.9 77.9 2.10 Nov 18 1855  
  236.4882 14 1448.3 73.6 2.07 Nov 18 1900  
  236.4932 21 1051.6 52.6 2.03  
  236.4978 19 1222.4 63.0 2.01  
  236.5034 22 1108.2 55.8 1.99  
  236.5123 22 1087.2 55.6 1.96  
  236.5207 29 848.3 42.8 1.92  
  236.5317 31 759.0 38.7 1.90  
  236.5465 32 635.8 32.7 1.92  
  236.6595 40 208.6 10.7 1.96  
  --------------------------------------------

NINT is the number observing periods involved. We used the population
index given in the last column, the zenithal exponent is 1.0. Averaging
periods do not overlap; each period is used only once. Errors are the
+-ZHR/sqrt(n) margins of the Leonid number n.

The following 25 observers were included in the analysis:
Rastislav Bagin, Chu-lok Chan, Yeon-jong Choi, George W. Gliba,
Lew Gramer, Pavol Habuda, Xiaolin Huang, Richard Huziak, Martin
Krsek, Martin Lehky, Michael Linnolt, Robert Lunsford, Hartwig
Luthen, Monika Martiniskova, Peter Martinisko, Norman McLeod,
Huan Meng, Sirko Molau, Peter Mrazik, Andrzej Skoczewski, Roger
Venable, Miroslav Vetrik, Barbara Wilson, Dan Xia and Zhou Xingming.